Physical Metallurgy of Bulk Metallic Glass-Forming Liquids

Physical Metallurgy of Bulk Metallic Glass-Forming Liquids

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Concepts in Glass Formation

Gallino, Isabella; Busch, Ralf

Springer International Publishing AG

01/2025

215

Dura

9783031715358

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Introduction.- Part I Survey.- 2 History of metallic glasses.- 2.1 Early metallic glasses.- 2.1.1 Vapour deposited thin films.- 2.1.2 The discovery of metallic glasses.- 2.2 Bulk metallic glasses (BMG).- 2.3 Processing technology development.- 3 Properties and applications of bulk metallic glasses.- 3.1 Properties of bulk metallic glasses.- 3.1.1 Soft magnetic properties.- 3.1.2 Mechanical properties.- 3.1.3 High-temperature oxidation resistance.- 3.1.4 Electrochemical properties and corrosion resistance.- 3.2 Some applications of bulk metallic glasses.- 3.2.1 Soft-magnetic applications.- 3.2.2 Applications as small complex, high strength parts.- 3.2.3 Catalytic applications.- 3.2.4 Jewellery applications.- 3.2.5 Biomedical applications.- Part II Thermophysical properties of BMG-forming liquids.- 4 Thermodynamics of glass-forming liquids.- 4.1 Thermodynamic studies.- 4.1.1 Calorimetric scans at constant heating rates.- 4.1.2 Specific heat capacity measurements.- 4.1.3 Calculation of the thermodynamic functions.- 4.1.4 Driving force for crystallisation.- 4.2 CALPHAD modelling.- 4.3 Metastable phase diagrams.- 5 Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the glass transition.- 5.1 Thermodynamic signatures of the glass transition.- 5.2 Studies of the Prinogine-Defay ratio of bulk metallic glasses.- 5.3 Kinetic signatures of the glass transition.- 5.4 Kauzmann temperature and ideal thermal glass transition.- 5.5 Definition of the limiting fictive temperature.- 6 Glass transition studies of bulk metallic glasses.- 6.1 Standard DSC scansfor the study of the glass transition.- 6.2 Vitrification kinetics studies via chip-calorimetry.- 6.3 Dynamic glass transition.- 6.3.1 Temperature modulating calorimetry.- 6.3.2 Multifrequency step-response analysis.- 6.3.3 Cooperative length scale at the glass transition.- 6.3.4 Dynamic glass transition temperature versus fictive temperature.- 6.4 Structural signatures of the glass transition.- 7 Physical aging studies in bulk-metallic glasses.- 7.1 Introduction to physical aging.- 7.2 Viscosity relaxation studies.- 7.3 Volume relaxation studies.- 7.4 Enthalpy relaxation studies.- 7.5 Enthalpy recovery studies.- 7.6 Activation energy spectrum of relaxation.- 7.7 Atomic dynamics via XPCS studies.- 8 Fragility of bulk metallic glass-forming liquids.- 8.1 Kinetic fragility.- 8.2 Thermodynamic fragility.- 8.3 Structural fragility.- 9 Liquid-liquid transition in bulk metallic glass-forming liquids.- 9.1 Kinetic crossovers.- 9.2 Thermodynamic signatures of the liquid-liquid transition.- 9.3 Dynamic crossovers.- 9.4 Shear rate-induced mechanisms.- 10 Glass forming ability of bulk metallic glasses.- 10.1 Empirical rules for glass forming ability.- 10.2 Description of glass forming ability based on TTT-diagrams.- 11 Summarizing remarks.- 11.1 Vitrification kinetics versus atomic mobility.- 11.2 Activation energy spectrum for enthalpy relaxation.- 11.3 Connection between the kinetic fragility, thermodynamics and structural changes in the undercooled liquid.- 11.4 Crossovers during the liquid-liquid transition.- 11.5 Glass forming ability of bulk metallic glasses.
Ultra-Viscous Metallic Liquid;Aging in Metallic Glasses;TTT Diagram;Kinetics of Metallic Glasses;Liquid-Liquid Transitions;Enthalpy Relaxation of Metallic Glasses;Hierarchical Aging Pathways;Viscosity of Metallic Liquids;Crystallization of Metallic Glasses;Strong-Fragile Transition;Chip-Calorimetry of Metallic Glasses;Thermodynamics of Metallic Glasses;Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction;X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy;Fragility of Metallic Liquids